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AI Governance Glossary
Regulation

What Is Fundamental Rights Impact Assessment (FRIA)?

Fundamental Rights Impact Assessment (FRIA) is a structured assessment of how a high-risk AI system may affect people's fundamental rights, carried out before deployment.

Definition

Fundamental Rights Impact Assessment (FRIA)a structured assessment of how a high-risk AI system may affect people's fundamental rights, carried out before deployment.

A FRIA is the EU AI Act's requirement (Article 27) for certain deployers of high-risk AI — including public bodies and some private operators — to work through who could be affected, what harms could occur, and what safeguards are in place, before the system goes live. It complements rather than replaces a data protection impact assessment (DPIA), which focuses specifically on privacy.

Source: EU AI Act, Article 27

Plain-language explanation

A FRIA is the EU AI Act's requirement (Article 27) for certain deployers of high-risk AI — including public bodies and some private operators — to work through who could be affected, what harms could occur, and what safeguards are in place, before the system goes live. It complements rather than replaces a data protection impact assessment (DPIA), which focuses specifically on privacy.

Primary source: EU AI Act, Article 27

Related terms

EU AI Act Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA) High-Risk AI AI Impact Assessment

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