AIRiskAware
AI Governance Glossary
Governance Practice

What Is AI Supply Chain?

AI Supply Chain is the chain of external components an AI system depends on — foundation models, training data, libraries, APIs, and compute providers — each carrying its own security, legal, and reliability risk.

Definition

AI Supply Chainthe chain of external components an AI system depends on — foundation models, training data, libraries, APIs, and compute providers — each carrying its own security, legal, and reliability risk.

Few organisations build AI from scratch; most assemble it from third-party models, datasets, and services, inheriting whatever weaknesses those bring. Supply-chain risks include compromised or poisoned components, undisclosed licensing or data-provenance problems, and dependence on a provider that may change terms or fail. Mapping and governing these dependencies — through due diligence, contracts, and an inventory — is core to AI assurance.

Source: OWASP Top 10 for LLM Applications; NIST AI 100-1

Plain-language explanation

Few organisations build AI from scratch; most assemble it from third-party models, datasets, and services, inheriting whatever weaknesses those bring. Supply-chain risks include compromised or poisoned components, undisclosed licensing or data-provenance problems, and dependence on a provider that may change terms or fail. Mapping and governing these dependencies — through due diligence, contracts, and an inventory — is core to AI assurance.

Primary source: OWASP Top 10 for LLM Applications; NIST AI 100-1

Related terms

Third-Party AI Risk Concentration Risk AI Bill of Materials (AI-BOM) OWASP Top 10 for LLM Applications

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